LFG 2 MAY 1, 2011
provide 1 square inch per square foot of enclosed
area below the BFE. These alternatives, which may
be referred to as “engineered openings,” must
be certified as having been designed to provide
automatic equalization of hydrostatic flood forces
by allowing for the entry and exit of floodwaters.
Design requirements and specifications for
certification statements are outlined in FEMA
Technical Bulletin 1-08, “Openings in Foundation
Walls and Walls of Enclosures Below Elevated
Buildings in Special Flood Hazard Areas,” at http://
www.fema.gov/library/viewRecord.do?id=1579.
If engineered openings are used as an alternative,
the Write Your Own (WYO) Company or NFIP
Servicing Agent must obtain a copy of the following
documentation for its underwriting files:
a. For engineered openings designed for
installation in a specific building, a copy of
the certification is required. This certification
will verify to community officials that the
openings are designed in accordance with the
requirements of the NFIP, applicable building
codes, and accepted standards of practice. The
original certification statement must include the
design professional’s name, title, address, type
of license, license number, the state in which
the license was issued, and the signature and
applied seal of the certifying registered design
professional. In addition, this certification shall
identify the building in which the engineered
openings will be installed and it shall address
the following: (1) a statement certifying that
the openings are designed to automatically
equalize hydrostatic flood loads on exterior
walls by allowing for the automatic entry and
exit of floodwaters; (2) description of the range
of flood characteristics tested or computed for
which the certification is valid, such as rates of
rise and fall of floodwaters; and (3) description
of the installation requirements or limitations
that, if not followed, will void the certification; or
b. For engineered openings for which the
International Code Council Evaluation Service,
Inc., has issued an Evaluation Report, a copy of
the Evaluation Report is required. This report is
required to assure community officials that the
openings are designed in accordance with the
requirements of the NFIP, applicable building
codes, and accepted standards of practice. The
Evaluation Report identifies the model numbers
of the engineered openings addressed in the
report, specifies the number of engineered
openings that are required for a specified
square footage of enclosed area below the BFE,
and lists installation requirements. Acceptable
documentation must include the model
numbers of the engineered openings, which
must match the model numbers provided in the
International Code Council Evaluation Report.
3. Crawlspaces
If a building elevated on a crawlspace is located
in an A Zone and has an attached garage, use the
following guidelines to determine the lowest floor
for rating:
• Use the top of the crawlspace (under-floor
space) floor or the garage floor, whichever is
lower, if neither the crawlspace nor the garage
has proper openings; or
• Use the top of the crawlspace floor, if the only
area that has proper openings is the garage; or
• Use the top of the garage floor, if the only area
that has proper openings is the crawlspace; or
• Use the top of the finished floor (habitable floor),
if both the crawlspace and the garage have
proper openings.
Pre-FIRM buildings with subgrade crawlspaces
that are below the BFE may use optional Post-
FIRM elevation rating. Follow the Submit-for-
Rate procedures.
C. Elevated Buildings in V Zones
In zones V, VE, and V1–V30, the floor of an
enclosed area below the lowest elevated floor is
the building’s lowest floor if any of the following
conditions exists:
• The enclosed space is finished (having more
than 20 linear feet of interior finished wall
[paneling, etc.]); or
• The unfinished enclosed space is used for other
than building access (stairwells, elevators, etc.),
parking, or storage; or
• The enclosed space is of any size, and there
is machinery or equipment below the BFE
located inside or outside the enclosed space.
(Machinery or equipment is defined as building
items permanently affixed to the building and
that provide utility services for the building –
i.e., furnaces, water heaters, heat pumps, air
conditioners, and elevators and their associated
equipment. Washers, dryers, and food freezers
are contents items and are not considered
machinery or equipment.); or