e Ash Breeze, Spring 2019
16
Coracle
continued from page 4
the corners a bit to make them easier to weave, but don't get
carried away—it's a coracle, not a yacht. e old sources all
refer to a framework of rough laths. It's helpful to mark the
centers on each piece to help align things when weaving.
It's also a good idea to practice the weaving pattern with
a few lengths of some kind of thin exible strips, like 1/2
wide plastic shipping straps or cane for seat weaving. You will
want something that is fairly sti to mimic the behavior of the
laths. Ribbon, for example, won't really tell you much about
how the basket stiens up as it develops. is is particularly
true if you are including full length diagonals in your coracle,
as it is far easier to work them in as you go than to try to insert
them in a fully woven mesh. For this reason, I suspect, some
traditions used partial diagonals that engaged only with the
outer two rows of the main grid.
I soaked the ash for about a week in a 4" pvc DWV pipe to
try to get some moisture back into the wood to help soften
it for bending. A little bleach in the water helps to cut down
on the risk of mold. e usual way was to sink the green or
air-dried laths in the creek for a few days. If you choose to
include full diagonals, you will need to start the weaving from
where the diagonals and the center rib and stringer cross and
build outward from there. Add a pair of ribs crosswise (one
on either side of the central crossing), then a pair of stringers
front to back, then crosswise again until all laths each way
are in place. Omitting the diagonals allows you to arrange all
seven of the stringers roughly in position and interlace the
ribs one at a time—a much simpler approach. e spacing
depends a bit on the overall size of the boat but keeping the
grid to about ve to six inches on center is a good start. A
rubber mallet is a big help, as are some sand bags or other
means of holding things in place while you're whacking away.
Some traditions used forked sticks holding things down to the
ground, and some used something like a shipping pallet to tie
the ribs down.
You can space the transverse ribs that will be under and
behind the seat a bit wider, and it will look nicer to narrow the
spacing of the stringers so that they get closer together towards
the back of the boat, which can be considerably narrower
than the front. I used the assembled gunwale frame to check
the alignment of the ribs. Some larger coracles benet from
interlacing a few partial ribs that don't bend up around the
bilge to stien the bottom in front of the seat where you step
in and out.
Once the weaving is done, it's time to turn up the ends of
the ribs and stringers. I have a commercial wallpaper steamer,
so I set up a manifold of hoses and open 1½" pvc plumbing
pipes about two feet long to heat several ends at a time. Start
with the stringers at the middle of the front and back, and
then do some transverse ribs, then return to the stringers, and
so on. e ends can also be bent up one at a time by wrapping
rags around the area to be bent and pouring boiling water on
the rags to concentrate the heat where needed. When the rib
is exible enough, bend it up and tie or clamp it in place, or
cut o and taper the end to t the hole.
Try to compress the rib end lengthwise as you make the
bend to compress the inside of the curve rather than stretch
the outside, and don't worry too much if a rib cracks.It is
nearly impossible to pull out the busted one and insert a
replacement, so just use a few small clamps to try to limit
the fracture and plan on smoothing it o and reinforcing the
outside of the break with a thin (1/16") layer of ash glued
on with thickened epoxy or gorilla glue. Once the cover is
stretched over the frame, the patch won't show at all.
As you bend up the ends, be sure to make the front of the
boat deeper than the back by a couple inches. It will look a
bit nicer and probably trim a bit better in the water. Trim the
ends, and either peg or glue them. It is very important that
the bottom be pretty at, for stability. is can be achieved
by ipping the frame over and weighting the bottom while
the whole thing dries out for a few days. A few boat nails
through the rib under the seat into the bottom of the divider
will help keep things in place. Be sure to sink the heads below
the surface so they don't tear the cover.
After the frame is dry, glue on the apple ells.” If you want,
you can drill a few holes into the seat and the ells and insert
dowels to give the appearance of a frame that is pegged
together. Sand it a bit and put on whatever nish you want.
ompson's Water Seal works ne, or you can varnish it if
you wish, but that may be kind of gilding the lily.Some folks
painted the laths white to enhance the contrast with the black
fabric cover.
For a cover, I used a second-hand 84" square dacron
tablecoth (like they use in the fancier restaurants) that I
obtained for a dollar or two from my local university salvage
yard. A lot of other fabrics could work as well, such as canvas,
our sacks, or even an old bed sheet. (I've thought about
taking a nished frame to a marina to have them use their
heaviest gauge storage shrink wrap as a covering. How does a
clear coracle sound?)
Staple the cloth to the edge of the gunwale, starting in
the middle of the sides and ends and working towards the
corners.Stretch as much of the shape as you can, then set up a
few pleats in each corner, trying to keep them as symmetric as
possible side for side.Fold them over towards the back. For a
neater appearance these pleats can be sewn at on the outside
using a "Speedy-Stitcher" or similar sewing awl. If you don't
stitch them, try to stick them down with whatever you paint
the fabric with, but don't fret—a lot of old photos of coracles
show large wrinkles.
You can paint the fabric with a variety of things.Heated tar,
pitch, or a mixture was traditional. I've tried non-bered roof
and foundation coating, but it takes forever to dry and gets soft